Distillation
Distillation involves the evaporation of water. The evaporated water leaves behind all hardness compounds and becomes soft. Distillation plants produce a high-quality product water that ranges from 1.0 to 50...
Reverse Osmosis Plant
Reverse Osmosis Simple Process
Pre-chlorination : This is made to disinfect the raw water from any infections.
First Filtration: By the pressure Sand filters to remove Turbidity and Suspended...
Flow Diagram Of Reverse Osmosis Plant
Types of Membrane Housing in RO Skid:
We can install Membrane housing in RO Skid with
Vertical Feed Flow
Horizontal Feed Flow
Reverse Osmosis Plant in Vertical Type
Reverse Osmosis Plant Design in...
Chemical Injection Of RO Plant
Antiscalent
Chlorination and De chlorination
Sulfuric acid
Caustic...
Some Important guide to Design Reverse Osmosis plant
In the Desalination of water mainly using method is Reverse Osmosis Process.
In this process we have to see some important things.
Feed water pH,Free Chlorine, Antiscalent dosing, Sulphuric acid dozing
...
Carbon Filter
Usage Of Carbon Filter.
Activated Carbon Filter mainly use to remove Chlorine, unwanted smell, odour, biological demand, dust and dirt in the feed of Reverse Osmosis Plant, Deionized Water Treatment...
Water Treatment
Objective of Water Treatment
Objectives of water treatment are to remove the different impurities present in the raw water, to render the water safe and clean and to ensure the treated water quality meets the...
Environment Chemistry
What is Environment ?
Environment is defined as” the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences such as water, land, air, space and sun ”. To use the word environment alone is...
Sludge Disposal
The sludge which is found in the bottom of a sedimentation tank in water treatment plant is primarily composed of water. The solids in the sludge are mainly flocs, excess coagulant, such as alum. Alum sludge...
Types Of Sedimentation Basin
The common types of sedimentation basins are
rectangular basins,
square or circular basins and
Solid contact clarifiers.
Rectangular Basins
Rectangular basin showing Inlet& outlet
Rectangular basins are...
Sedimendation
Purpose Of Sedimentation
Sedimentation is a unit operation to settle out the suspended particles and flocs in water. This is achieved by lowering the velocity of the water below the suspension velocity to...
Test for Residual Chlorine
The amount of residual chlorine left in the chlorinated water after the required contact period, can be experimentally determined by using any of the following tests:
Orthotolidine test
...
Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Reverse Osmosis (RO) involves water being forced under pressure through a semipermeable membrane. Temporary and permanent hardness , Total Dissolved Soilds (TDS), Microorganisims and other bio germs...
TYPES OF DISINFECTANT
Types of chemical disinfectants containing chlorine are hypochlorite, chloramines, and chlorine-dioxide.
Hypochlorites
Instead of using chlorine gas, some plants apply chlorine to water as a hypochlorite,...
CHLORINE AS DISINFECTANT
Chlorine (CI) gas is a greenish yellow in colour and about 2.5 times heavier than air. Liquid chlorine is amber coloured and about 1.44 times heavier than water. CI gas is moderately soluble in water with a...
Water Softening Conditioning Process
Softening is the removal of hardness from water. This is not a required part of the domestic water treatment process since hard water does not have any health consequences. At a hardness of greater than 300...
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