Sludge Disposal
The sludge which is found in the bottom of a sedimentation tank in water treatment plant is primarily composed of water. The solids in the sludge are mainly flocs, excess coagulant, such as alum. Alum sludge...
Sedimendation
Purpose Of Sedimentation
Sedimentation is a unit operation to settle out the suspended particles and flocs in water. This is achieved by lowering the velocity of the water below the suspension velocity to...
Types of Coagulation
TYPES OF COAGULANTS
Coagulant chemicals come in two main types – primary coagulants and coagulant aids. Primary coagulants neutralize the electrical charges of particles in the water which causes the...
Coagulation and Flocculation
Types of Suspended Particles in WATER
There are three types of particles which can be found in water in suspension and cause turbidity. In the order from smallest to largest, these particles are chemicals in...
Water Quality Standards
Recommended Guidelines for Physical and Chemical water quality standards as per BIS (IS 10500:1983 ) and per CPHEEO Manual on water supply and treatment are furnished below,
Recommended Guidelines for...
Comparison of Slow Sand Filter and Rapid Sand Filter
COMPARISON OF SSF AND RSF
The comparison of SSF and RSF with reference to design criteria, advantages and disadvantages is summarized in the below Table
Comparison of Slow Sand Filter and Rapid Sand...
When to clean the filter ?
When to clean the filter?
Three factors can be considered to assess when a filter needs backwashing.
Filter run reaches a given hour of operation.
The head loss is so high that the filter no longer produces...
Translator
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