CORROSION
Corrosion is the rusting of metal in pipes or tanks due to the corrosive action of either water or soil. Scales are deposits caused by the deposition of calcium carbonate on the inner surface of pipes or...
Distillation
Distillation involves the evaporation of water. The evaporated water leaves behind all hardness compounds and becomes soft. Distillation plants produce a high-quality product water that ranges from 1.0 to 50...
Water Pollution
WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution may be defined as the addition of any substance (pollutant) to water resource which may change the physical and chemical characteristics in any way which may interfere with its...
Reverse Osmosis Plant
Reverse Osmosis Simple Process
Pre-chlorination : This is made to disinfect the raw water from any infections.
First Filtration: By the pressure Sand filters to remove Turbidity and Suspended...
Some Important guide to Design Reverse Osmosis plant
In the Desalination of water mainly using method is Reverse Osmosis Process.
In this process we have to see some important things.
Feed water pH,Free Chlorine, Antiscalent dosing, Sulphuric acid dozing
...
Carbon Filter
Usage Of Carbon Filter.
Activated Carbon Filter mainly use to remove Chlorine, unwanted smell, odour, biological demand, dust and dirt in the feed of Reverse Osmosis Plant, Deionized Water Treatment...
Water Treatment
Objective of Water Treatment
Objectives of water treatment are to remove the different impurities present in the raw water, to render the water safe and clean and to ensure the treated water quality meets the...
Types Of Sedimentation Basin
The common types of sedimentation basins are
rectangular basins,
square or circular basins and
Solid contact clarifiers.
Rectangular Basins
Rectangular basin showing Inlet& outlet
Rectangular basins are...
Sedimendation
Purpose Of Sedimentation
Sedimentation is a unit operation to settle out the suspended particles and flocs in water. This is achieved by lowering the velocity of the water below the suspension velocity to...
EFFICIENCY OF DISINFECTION
The efficiency of the disinfection depends upon the following factors:
Nature of the disinfectant,
Dose of the disinfectant,
Length of contact time with the disinfectant,
Temperature,
Type and concentration...
CHLORINE AS DISINFECTANT
Chlorine (CI) gas is a greenish yellow in colour and about 2.5 times heavier than air. Liquid chlorine is amber coloured and about 1.44 times heavier than water. CI gas is moderately soluble in water with a...
Efficiency of Softening
In addition to raw water characteristics, the operation of the softener can influence efficiency of softening. The most important factors are resin, flow, and cleaning.
Both the resin type and depth influence...
Water Softening Conditioning Process
Softening is the removal of hardness from water. This is not a required part of the domestic water treatment process since hard water does not have any health consequences. At a hardness of greater than 300...
Water Softner
What is Hardness?
Hardness is caused by hard water containing high concentration of calcium and magnesium ions. Water is considered to be hard if it has a hardness of 100 mg/L or more as calcium carbonate....
Operation and Maintenance for Water Supply Systems
1.TERMINOLOGY
Operation of water supply system is timely and daily operation of the components of a water supply system such as headworks, treatment plant, machinery and equipment, transmission mains, service...
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