Design of Sewerage
The major shortcoming of the conventional design is the selection of pipe diameter and slope combination without fully analyzing the total cost of the…
Read article →A free engineering reference · since 2009
Water & wastewater treatment, explained by people who run the plants.
A practical field reference for students and engineers — process theory, plant design, worked examples and the day-to-day judgement that textbooks leave out.
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Start with a topic
Nine areas, from raw-water chemistry to full plant design. Each opens a curated set of guides.
66 guides
Sewage Treatment
Primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater.
33 guidesWater Treatment
Filtration, coagulation and the unit processes that make water potable.
27 guidesWater
Sources, chemistry and the physical properties behind every process.
16 guidesWater Analysis
Sampling, testing and reading the parameters that define quality.
13 guidesDisinfection
Chlorination, UV and ozone at the final barrier.
9 guidesSoftener
Removing hardness with ion exchange and lime–soda.
6 guidesDesalination
Reverse osmosis and thermal routes to fresh water.
7 guidesCorrosion
Why plant and pipework fail — and how to slow it.
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A rotating selection of articles pulled at random from the library, with brief summaries so you can dive straight into the right guide.
Coagulation Dosage
COAGULANT DOSAGE Although there is some relation between turbidity of the raw water and the coagulant dosage, the exact quantity can be determined only…
Read article →HOME WATER TREATMENTS FILTER
Home Reverse Osmosis System. Home Reverse osmosis water treatment system with 5 stage water filtration has been designed for producing ultra pure water for…
Read article →Secondary Facultative Ponds
Secondary facultative ponds, which receive settled wastewater (usually the effluent from anaerobic ponds) are 1.20 – 1.50 meters deep. They are designed for BOD…
Read article →The treatment train
From raw water to the tap, in six stages
Every plant is a sequence of barriers. Follow the flow — each stage links to the guides that explain it.
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01
Intake & Screening
Raw water enters; bar screens and grit channels remove debris.
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02
Coagulation
Coagulants destabilise fine particles into settleable floc.
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03
Sedimentation
Floc settles out under gravity in clarifiers.
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04
Filtration
Rapid sand and media beds polish the remaining turbidity.
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05
Disinfection
Chlorine, UV or ozone inactivate the remaining pathogens.
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06
Distribution
Treated water is pumped to storage and the network.
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