Water is used for industrial and municipal purposes. The largest water requirement is for municipal use but the standard of purity required for this purpose is quite different from that demanded for industrial...

Waste Water Treatment Process 1.Physical Water Treatment Operations In the physical unit operations physical forces are utilized in some water treatment units for the removal of solid contaminants. The...

The common types of sedimentation basins are rectangular basins, square or circular basins and Solid contact clarifiers. Rectangular Basins Rectangular basin showing Inlet& outlet Rectangular basins are...

Water Treatment Coagulants Coagulant water treatment chemicals come in two main types - primary water treatment coagulants and coagulant aids. Primary coagulants neutralize the electrical charges of particles...

Water Analysis for Chlorine The amount of residual chlorine left in the chlorinated water after the required contact period, can be experimentally determined by using any of the following tests: Orthotolidine...

Safety Require for Water Treatment Plant Chlorine Cylinder  Room. Chlorine house should have to following features: The chlorine cylinders and feeders should be housed in an isolated room from the Water...

Hypochlorinators The simplest method of continuous chlorination of water supply systems for a water flow of less than 200 Lpm is by the use of a hypochlorinator. Hypochlorinators are motor driven pumps which...

Adding chlorine gas or liquid or powder to water and get bacteria and micro organism free Drinking water. This is very low cost process and effective but risky compare with  others process in the...

The efficiency of the disinfection depends upon the following factors: Nature of the disinfectant, Dose of the disinfectant, Length of contact time with the disinfectant, Temperature, Type and concentration...

Types of chemical disinfectants containing chlorine are hypochlorite, chloramines, and chlorine-dioxide. Hypochlorites Instead of using chlorine gas, some plants apply chlorine to water as a hypochlorite,...

Disinfectant Chlorine (CL) gas is a greenish yellow in colour and about 2.5 times heavier than air. Liquid chlorine is amber coloured and about 1.44 times heavier than water. CL gas is moderately soluble in...

Disinfection is the process of selectively destroying or inactivating pathogenic organisms present in water, usually by chemical means. Disinfection aims in reducing the organisms in water to such low levels...