Determination of Sulphate Sulphate ions in water present usually in the form of compounds like CaSO4,MgSO4,Na2SO4 etc.  The determination of sulphate ions is water in based on the fact that when water is...

Estimation of  Water Hardness The estimation of water hardness as applied to boiler water and other water is great interest for the chemical industry in general.the determination of water hardness has always...

Chloride Analysis  Chloride the chloride ions remain presents in the water in the form of one or more of the compounds like CaCl2, MgCl2,NaCl and etc. The estimation of chloride ions is generally, made by...

Alkalinity in Water Alkalinity means the find the amount of acid  neutralizing in water. Alkalinity is the total of all bases that occupying in the water and basically find in carbonate, bicarbonate and...

Water analysis Estimation of Hardness of water :  Hardness of water is conveniently expressed in terms of dissolved salts of calcium, magnesium and iron—calculated as parts of CaCO3 equivalent per million...

Water Treatments Method : Reverse Osmosis (RO) water treatment process involves water being forced under pressure ( Osmotic Pressure ) through a semipermeable  RO water treatments membrane. In this Reverse...

Softener Water Treatment What is Hardness? Hardness is caused by hard water containing high concentration of calcium and magnesium ions. Water is considered to be hard if it has a hardness of 100 mg/L or more...

 Corrosion in Water Treatment Equipment Corrosion is the rusting of metal in pipes or tanks due to the corrosive action of either water or soil. Scales are deposits caused by the deposition of calcium...

Global Surface Water Source. A surface water source includes all tributary streams and rivers, natural lakes and artificial reservoirs or impound. 1. Quantity of Water The quantity of water at the source...

Desalination Water Treatment Desalination is a one of the major water treatment process that removes dissolved minerals (including but not limited to salt) from seawater, brackish water, or treated waste...

What is Environment  Chemistry ? Environment is defined as ” the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences such as water, land, air, space and sun ”. To use the word...

Health Effects of Water Quality Parameters are summarized below Health Effects of Water Quality...

Clean the water  filter Three factors can be considered to assess when a water treatment filter needs back washing. Water Treatment Filter run reaches a given hour of operation. The head loss is so high that...